Upgrade ktor to 3.4.0, kotlin to 2.3.0

[wing328]

based on #23070 with minor fixes for the github workflow

PR checklist

• Read the contribution guidelines.
• Pull Request title clearly describes the work in the pull request and Pull Request description provides details about how to validate the work. Missing information here may result in delayed response from the community.
• Run the following to build the project and update samples:

  ./mvnw clean package || exit
  ./bin/generate-samples.sh ./bin/configs/*.yaml || exit
  ./bin/utils/export_docs_generators.sh || exit
  

  (For Windows users, please run the script in WSL)
  Commit all changed files.
  This is important, as CI jobs will verify all generator outputs of your HEAD commit as it would merge with master.
  These must match the expectations made by your contribution.
  You may regenerate an individual generator by passing the relevant config(s) as an argument to the script, for example ./bin/generate-samples.sh bin/configs/java*.
  IMPORTANT: Do NOT purge/delete any folders/files (e.g. tests) when regenerating the samples as manually written tests may be removed.
• File the PR against the correct branch: master (upcoming 7.x.0 minor release - breaking changes with fallbacks), 8.0.x (breaking changes without fallbacks)
• If your PR solves a reported issue, reference it using GitHub's linking syntax (e.g., having "fixes #123" present in the PR description)
• If your PR is targeting a particular programming language, @mention the technical committee members, so they are more likely to review the pull request.

---

Summary by cubic

Upgrade Ktor to 3.4.0 and Kotlin to 2.3.0 across the Kotlin server generator and samples, migrating to the official Ktor Gradle plugin. CI workflows now use Gradle 8.11 and run Ktor samples in the JDK 17 job.

• Dependencies

  • Ktor 3.4.0 and Kotlin 2.3.0 applied to templates and petstore samples (including modelMutable).
  • GitHub Actions updated to Gradle 8.11; Ktor/modelMutable samples moved to the JDK 17 workflow.

• Migration

  • Switch to id("io.ktor.plugin") and remove the ktor-bom import.
  • Set application mainClass = "io.ktor.server.netty.EngineMain".

^{Written for commit 69577c6. Summary will update on new commits.}

[cubic-dev-ai]

No issues found across 9 files